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Network Layer & IP Addressing – MCQ

1.
Which OSI layer is responsible for routing packets between networks?
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Physical Layer
The Network Layer determines the best path for data across networks.
2.
Which function uses IP addresses to identify devices?
Logical addressing
Framing
Encryption
Flow control
Logical addressing assigns IP addresses to source and destination devices.
3.
When you access a website hosted in another country, which networks are involved?
Same LAN
Different networks
Same switch
Local host only
Remote websites require communication between different networks.
4.
Which Network Layer function selects the best path for data?
Fragmentation
Routing
Encapsulation
Encryption
Routing determines the optimal path across networks.
5.
Moving packets from one router to another is called:
Packet forwarding
Routing update
Logical addressing
Subnetting
Packet forwarding sends packets toward their destination.
6.
Breaking packets to match MTU size is called:
Routing
Fragmentation
Encapsulation
Multiplexing
Fragmentation breaks packets into smaller units.
7.
Which protocol is used for error reporting in the Network Layer?
ICMP
HTTP
FTP
ARP
ICMP is used for diagnostics and error messages.
8.
IPv4 addresses are how many bits long?
32 bits
64 bits
128 bits
16 bits
IPv4 uses 32-bit addressing.
9.
IPv6 addresses are how many bits long?
32 bits
128 bits
64 bits
256 bits
IPv6 uses 128-bit hexadecimal addresses.
10.
An IP address identifies:
Network and Host
MAC and Port
Application only
Protocol type
IP addresses identify both network and host portions.
11.
Which IP class is designed for large networks?
Class A
Class C
Class D
Class E
Class A supports very large networks.
12.
Class D IP addresses are used for:
Unicast
Multicast
Broadcast
Experimental
Class D is reserved for multicast traffic.
13.
Class E IP addresses are used for:
Experimental
Private networks
Multicast
Broadcast
Class E addresses are reserved for experimental use.
14.
Which IP type is not routable on the Internet?
Private IP
Public IP
Static IP
Dynamic IP
Private IP addresses are used only inside local networks.
15.
Which of the following is a private IP address?
192.168.1.1
8.8.8.8
1.1.1.1
172.0.0.1
192.168.0.0/16 is a private IP range.
16.
Which is a Class A private IP range?
10.0.0.0
172.32.0.0
192.0.0.0
8.0.0.0
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 is private Class A.
17.
Which IP address is used for loopback testing?
127.0.0.1
0.0.0.0
255.255.255.255
192.168.1.1
127.0.0.1 represents the local host.
18.
255.255.255.255 is known as:
Loopback
Broadcast
Multicast
Gateway
This address sends data to all hosts in a network.
19.
What does the IP address 0.0.0.0 represent?
Current network
Loopback
Broadcast
Gateway
0.0.0.0 refers to the current network.
20.
What divides a network into smaller subnetworks?
Subnet
Gateway
Switch
Firewall
Subnetting divides large networks into smaller ones.
1.
What are the two primary responsibilities of the Network Layer?
Logical addressing and routing
Framing and error detection
Encryption and compression
Flow and congestion control
Network Layer assigns IP addresses and selects paths.
2.
Which IP version uses 32-bit addressing?
IPv4
IPv6
ARP
ICMP
IPv4 addresses consist of 32 bits in dotted decimal format.
3.
What does routing primarily determine?
Best path selection
Frame size
MAC address mapping
Port numbers
Routing chooses the most efficient route to the destination.
4.
Which protocol supports error reporting at the Network Layer?
ICMP
TCP
UDP
HTTP
ICMP reports errors and provides diagnostics.
5.
Why does the Network Layer perform fragmentation?
To match MTU size
To encrypt data
To compress packets
To assign MAC addresses
Fragmentation ensures packets fit network MTU limits.
1.
A user cannot access a remote server. Which Network Layer tools should you use first?
Ping and traceroute
FTP and HTTP
Switch port test
Cable tester only
Ping checks connectivity and traceroute shows routing path issues.
2.
A PC can access local devices but not the Internet. What is the most likely issue?
Subnet mask error
Gateway configuration
MAC address conflict
DNS server down
Incorrect gateway prevents communication with other networks.
3.
Traceroute stops at the first router. What does this indicate?
Physical layer failure
Routing issue
Application error
Wrong MAC address
The packet cannot be forwarded due to routing problems.
4.
Two PCs lose network access when connected together. What is the likely cause?
IP conflict
Wrong cable
DNS error
Firewall block
Duplicate IP addresses cause communication failures.
5.
Before replacing hardware, what should be checked on a router?
Cable length
Routing table
Switch VLAN
Browser cache
Routing tables control packet forwarding decisions.

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